Arctic Pollution 2002
The second AMAP State of the Arctic Environment Report, updating the 1997 AMAP assessments on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Heavy Metals, Radioactivity, and Human Health, and including a new assessment on Climate Change Effects on Contaminant Pathways. Information is presented in a clear and readable manner for the non-scientific audience; richly illustrated and prefaced by an Executive Summary with recommendations specifically addressed to Ministers of the eight Arctic countries.
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Heavy Metals
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Aug 11, 2014 09:34 AM
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Metals are naturally occurring elements. They
are found in elemental form and in a variety
of other chemical compounds. Each form or
compound has different properties, which
affect how the metal is transported, what
happens to it in the food web, and how toxic
it is. Some metals are vital nutrients in low
concentrations.
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Changing Pathways
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Aug 11, 2014 09:45 AM
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The Arctic is subject to natural climate cycles.
Some occur over time scales as short as a few
years, while others may span decades, centuries,
or even millennia. In addition to this
natural variability, the Arctic will be affected
by global climate changes related to increases
in greenhouse gases.
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Human Health
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Aug 11, 2014 09:48 AM
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AMAP has a mandate to evaluate the combined
effects of pollutants in the Arctic. But
human health is much broader than just pollutants.
From a public health perspective, the
human environment is the sum of physical,
chemical, biological, social, and cultural factors
that affect people’s well-being. Aside from
data on levels and effects of pollutants,
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Radioactivity
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Aug 11, 2014 09:49 AM
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Radioactivity is a concern for human and ecosystem
health because radioactive material
emits ionizing radiation that has the ability to
damage living cells.
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Persistent Organic Pollutants
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Aug 11, 2014 09:50 AM
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The class of persistent organic pollutants,
or POPs for short, covers a large number
of chemicals with some common characteristics
that make them potential problems
in the environment. By definition, POPs
are persistent, which means that they break
down slowly in the environment. Persistent
chemicals are more likely to travel over long
distances and reach remote regions such as
the Arctic.
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Arctic Pollution 2002 Executive Summary
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Aug 11, 2014 09:50 AM
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The assessment showed that the Arctic is
closely connected to the rest of the world, receiving
contaminants from sources far outside
the Arctic region. The report was welcomed by
the Arctic Council Ministers, who agreed to
increase their efforts to limit and reduce emissions
of contaminants into the environment
and to promote international cooperation in
order to address the serious pollution risks reported
by AMAP.
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Setting the Stage
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Aug 11, 2014 09:53 AM
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Environmental contaminants are a global
problem. Their presence and role in the Arctic
reflects the physical, biological, and social
characteristics of the region, as well as the way
the Arctic interacts with the rest of the world.
Current concern about Arctic contaminants
began with discoveries of high levels of persistent
organic pollutants (POPs) in some indigenous
inhabitants of the Arctic.