Baltic Sea 17 Giwa Regional Assessment
The Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) has been given the unique
task of assessing current problems and future threats of transboundary aquatic
ecosystems, considering both environmental as well as socio-economic issues
in freshwater and marine ecosystems on the entire globe.
The Baltic Sea, being enclosed by nine countries, has an obvious transboundary
character. This is illustrated by a history of more than 100 years of international
cooperation around the Sea, starting with the foundation of the International
Council for the Explorations of the Sea (ICES) at Copenhagen in 190
giwa regional assessment 17.pdf
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