Sessions & Readings

Sessions: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Session 0: Welcome & introduction

Day 1: 0900-1030

Aim: Agree learning objectives and goals for workshop

• Welcome to the workshop
• Introduction of participants
• Overview of the agenda
• Agreement on goals and targeted outputs

Session coordinator: Mark Smith

Readings

• The costs of inaction with respect to biodiversity loss (OECD, 2005) 14 pages - makes a strong case about the critical values of biodiversity

• How economic valuation can help pay for conservation (IUCN, 1997)
• Africa's ecological footprint 3 pages - a short introduction to economic valuation

Additional:

• UNEP presentation on water and lakes (UNEP, 2006 - a very large file!)

• UNEP presentation on Africa (UNEP, 2006 - a very large file!)

• Africa's ecological footprint (SDC, 2006)

• Environmental sustainability index (Yale, 2005)

Session 1: Principles of economic valuation of ecosystems

Day 1: 1100-1230 & 1400-1530

Aim: Establish a conceptual framework for ecosystem valuation

Learning objective 1: Principles: understanding the principles of economic valuation of ecosystems

Key concepts & skills:

• ecosystem goods & services
• full economic value & components
• measuring economic values; market & non-market values
• contributions of ecosystem goods & services to the economy
• contributions of ecosystem goods & services to water-sector economics
• linkages between ecosystem values, sustainable development & the MDGs
• valuation as a tool for environmental management

Session coordinator: Frank Vorhies

Part A

Presentation: An overview of economic valuation (Frank Vorhies) (45 minutes)

Intervention: Perspectives from the Volta River Basin (roughly 15 minutes) – (Aaron Aduna & Ludovic Tapsoba)

Discussion: 30 minutes

Part B

Exercise: River basin benefits and costs (facilitated by Frank Vorhies) - roughly 60 minutes of working groups followed by 30 minutes of discussion. Backed up with Sadoff and Grey benefits sharing framework.

Readings

Recommended:

• Depend on nature: Ecosystem services supporting human livelihoods (IUCN, 2005)
  

7 pages- Executive summary & Introduction - links ecosystems to the MDGs

• How much is an ecosystem worth? (World Bank, 2004)
  

12 pages - Chapters 1-3 - an introduction to ecosystem services and valuation

• Economic valuation of wetlands: A guide for policymakers and planners

• Évaluation économique des zones humides Guide à l’usage des décideurs et planificateurs (Ramsar, 1997)
  

20 pages - Chapters 2-3 - an introduction to valuation in the context of wetlands

Additional:

• http://www.ecosystemvaluation.org/ (D King and M Mazzotta)

• Linking the dots: MDGs and the 2010 global biodiversity challenge (B Pisupati and R Rubian, 2006)

• Making economic valuation work for biodiversity conservation (Australia, 2005)

• Investing in environmental wealth for poverty reduction (UNDP, 2005)

• Ecosystem service valuation and watershed resources: An annotated literature review (T J Dalton and K Cobourn, 2003)

• Valuing biodiversity (IUCN, 2000)

Session 2: Application of ecosystem valuations in IWRM

Day 1: 1600-1730 & Day 2: 0900-1030

Aim: Understand the role of ecosystems as water infrastructure and how to apply valuations in decision making

• Introduction of personal action plans

• Discussion of participants’ goals

Learning objective 2: Applications in river basin management; understanding how economic values for ecosystems inform decision making in international waters river basin management

Key concepts & skills:

• ecosystems as water infrastructure: benefits of ecosystems for water management
• approaches to integrating ecosystems into river basin management
• economic costs of ecosystem degradation; the need for investment in ecosystems & for allocation of water to ecosystems
• integrating economic values for ecosystems into decision making
• relevance of ecosystem values to GEF projects and processes

Session coordinator: Mark Smith

Part A

Presentation: Developing your Personal Action Plans (Mark Smith) (15 minutes) – explain intent and content

Case stories: Valuing river basin ecosystems (focusing on examples illustrating concepts: what are ecosystem goods and services in river basins; what are their values; how is identifying and valuing ecosystems goods and services applied to support decision making in river basin management?)
15-minute presentations by:

• Claudia Sadoff, IUCN
• Bakary Kone, Wetlands International
• Amadou BA, IUCN

Discussion: 30 minutes

Part B

Case stories: continued

• Mei Xie, World Bank

Exercise: Potential applications of valuations in their work (facilitated by Mark Smith) - working groups for 45 minutes

Discussion: 30 minutes

PAP1: Participants note ‘the real issues for me’ in their Personal Action Plans.

Readings

Recommended:

• Cooperation on international rivers: A continuum for securing and sharing benefits (World Bank, 2005)
  

8 pages - on whether cooperation always generates benefits

• Value: Counting ecosystems as a part of water infrastructure (IUCN, 2004)
  

80 pages, especially note Figure 1 on page 31 and Table 3 starting on page 68 - on understanding and valuing ecosystems as water infrastructure

• Valuing wetlands in decision-making: Where are we now? (IUCN, 2003)
  

7 pages- A concise introduction to the issues

• Beyond the river: the benefits of cooperation on international rivers

• Au-delà du fleuve: les avantages de la coopération portant sur les fleuves internationaux (C W Sadoff and D Grey, 2002)
  

15 pages -- reviews the benefits of cooperation

Additional:

• Balancing water needs (IUCN, 2004 - a large file!)

• Flow: The essentials of environmental flows (IUCN, 2003)

• Developing markets for watershed protection services and improved livelihoods in South Africa (CSIR, 2003)

• Nakivubo swamp, Uganda: Managing natural wetlands for their ecosystem services (IUCN, 2003)

• Barotse floodplain ,Zambia: Local economic dependence on wetland resources (IUCN, 2003)

• Tana River, Kenya: Integrating downstream values into hydropower planning (IUCN, 2003)

• Waza Logone floodplain, Cameroon: Economic benefits of wetland restoration (IUCN, 2003)

• Economic valuation of wetlands on the river basin scale -- a discussion paper (Ramsar, 2003)

Africa's international rivers: An economic perspective Part 1 Part 2

• Les fleuves internationaux d'Afrique: Une perspective économique (World Bank, 2002)

• Capturing the hidden values of wetlands (G Acharya, 1998)

• Conserving or mining the St Lucia Dunes (F Vorhies and D Vorhies, 1993)

Session 3: Methods of ecosystem valuation

Day 2: 1100-1230

Aim: Introduce methods for ecosystem valuation and applications

Learning objective 3: Methods of ecosystem valuation: identifying suitable methods for economic valuation of ecosystems

Key concepts & skills:

• methods & applications
• criteria for choice of methods

Session coordinator: Frank Vorhies

Presentation: An overview of valuation methods (Marian S. delos Angeles) - roughly 40 minutes

Interventions: Perspectives from the work of IUCN and Wetlands International - 20 minutes (eg. informal comment from Amadou Ba and Bakary Kone on methods used).
Discussion: 30 minutes

Readings

Recommended:

• Economic tools for valuing freshwater and estuarine ecosystem services (R Kramer, 2005)
  

12 pages - a concise introduction to valuation methods for water ecosystems

• Towards an economic valuation of biodiversity: Freshwater ecosystems (G Antrobus and M Law, 2005)
  

12 pages - a introduction from a South African perspective

Additional:

• Handbook of biodiversity valuation: A guide for policy makers (OECD, 2002)

WTP to Visit the Djoudj National Birds Park (IUCN Senegal, forthcoming)
A BCA of the Diawling National Park Restoration Project (IUCN Senegal, forthcoming)

Session 4: Using valuations to influence decision-making

Day 2: 1400-1530 & 1600-1730

Aim: Apply the results of valuations in water management and communicate outcomes

Learning objective 4: Taking action: using ecosystem values in river basin management and water decisions

Key concepts & skills:

• understanding and interpreting the valuation report
• incorporating results into options assessments, environmental assessments, investment analysis, etc.; developing recommendations
• communicating results and recommendations; using ecosystem valuations to change ways of thinking
• making ecosystem valuation standard practice in planning and decision making for development and natural resource management

Session coordinator: Francis Vorhies

Part A

Presentation: Influencing decision-making (Frank Vorhies) (20 minutes)

Case stories: Using valuation studies (Case stories of how results from valuation studies have been used and taken up into decision making on water management; what have been the ingredients of success in achieving impact in decision making?)

10-15 minute presentations by:

• Claudia Sadoff

• Frank Vorhies

• Marian S. delos Angeles

• Soumana Timbo (e.g. how valuations used or how he would them to be used in Mali National Wetland Management Plan)

• Cheick Oumar Diallo (e.g. approaches to communicating valuations to stakeholders and decision makers)

• invite comment from GWP participants

Part B

Exercise: What are we trying to accomplish? (facilitated by Frank Vorhies) - Roughly 60 minutes or working groups focused on personal action plans followed by 30 minutes of discussion.

PAP2: Participants develop goals for valuations in the Personal Action Plans relating to the issues identified in Session 2, focusing on ‘how could I use valuations to influence decision making?

Readings

Recommended:

• Valuing our natural environment (UK DEFRA, 2006)
  

6 pages - Chapter 5 - on policy implications of valuation research

• Money for Nothing? A Call for Empirical Evaluation of Biodiversity Conservation Investments (P J Ferraro and S K Pattanayak, 2006)
  

7 pages - proposes benefit-cost analyses of biodiversity investments

• The economic importance of wild resources in the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands in Nigeria (IIED, 1997)
  

20 pages - a case study

Additional:

• Nature for water: Innovative finance for the environment (UNECE, 2006)

• Payments for ecosystem services in integrated water resources management (UNECE, 2006 - a large file!)

• Developing a framework for payments of catchment protection services in South Africa (CSIR, 2006)

• Business in the world of water (WBCSD, 2006)

• Financing water: Risks and opportunities (UNEP, 2006 - a large file!)

• Financing water: CEO briefing (UNEP, 2006)

• Nature for water: Protecting water-related ecosystems for sustainable development (UNECE, 2005)

• Water-related ecosystems for water management: Environmental services and financing for the protection and sustainable use of ecosystems (UNECE, 2005)

• Valuing nature: Lessons learned and future research directions (CSERGE, 2002)

• The valuation of biodiversity for national biodiversity strategies and action plans (UNEP, 2000)

Session 5: Designing & implementing valuation studies

Day 3: 0900-1030 & 1100-1230

Aim: Enable the design and implementation of valuation studies

Learning objective 5: Managing a valuation assessment: enabling design and implementation of valuation studies

Key concepts & skills:

• consolidation of learning objectives 1-3
• apply principles to identify key ecosystem goods and services
• identify what valuation data are needed & scope of the assessment
• select appropriate methods

Session coordinator: Claudia Sadoff

Part A

Presentation: Roadmap for valuation studies (by Claudia Sadoff) (45 minutes) – ie. roadmap from start to embedding results in decision making in river basins, encompassing financing, stakeholder engagement, communication etc.

Interventions: Experiences of Wetlands International and others (15 minutes) – Bakary Kone: how did WI set up and run their Niger basin study? Others –comment from others eg Ba?

Presentation: How does this relate to the GEF? (by Janot-Reine Mendler de Suarez) (15 minutes) – including discussion of relevance to TDA/SAP processes

Discussion: 15 minutes

Part B

Exercise: Issues and steps in designing a valuation study for my work (facilitated by Claudia Sadoff) - roughly 60 minutes of working groups focusing on personal action plans followed by 30 minutes of discussion. Participants ask ‘ if I was to undertake a valuation study in my work, what do I have to think about?

PAP3: Participants note the steps and questions they would need to ask to address the goals for valuation studies they identified in PAP2.

Readings

Recommended:

• Application of tools for valuation of biodiversity (UNEP CBD COP8.25, 2006)
  

8 pages - guidance adopted by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity

• Economic values of protected areas - Guidelines for protected area managers (IUCN, 1998)

7 pages - Chapter 3 - on a framework for valuation studies

Additional:

• The feasibility of developing payments for catchment protection services and improved livelihoods in South Africa (CSIR, 2005)

• Guidelines for preparing economic analysis (US EPA, 2000 - a large file!)

Session 6: Development of personal action plans

Day 3: 1400-1530

Aim: Agree plans for applying knowledge from the workshop in projects and ongoing learning

Learning objective 6: Personal action plans: preparing for ongoing learning and application

Key concepts & skills:

• valuation plans for participants’ own projects and context
• strategies for expanding capacity & know-how in participants’ regions/countries

Session coordinator: Mark Smith

Exercise: Drafting your personal action plans (facilitated by Mark Smith) - roughly 90 minutes of working groups and individual consultation (eg one-on-ones with workshop team) to finalise personal action plans.

PAP4: Personal Action Plan completed, highlighting 1. emerging issues in their work; 2. relevant goals for valuation; and 3. steps and key issues that need to be addressed. Final entry is practical steps to take on return home: could be design and fund a valuation study; could be give briefing to colleagues; could be plan to read papers or hold discussions with economists. Each participant has own record of workshop and plan to take home.

Readings

Recommended

• Personal action plan - final worksheet (IUCN)

• Personal action plan - worksheet (version on the CD-Rom) (IUCN, working draft)

Session 7: Summary & evaluation

Day 3: 1600-1730

Aim: Reflect on workshop goals and evaluation of learning achieved

• Overview of workshop achievements
• Reflection exercise relating to agreed workshop goals

Session coordinator: Mark Smith

Discussion: What is to be done? (facilitated by Janot-Reine Mendler de Suarez) - roughly 45 minutes

Exercise: Complete workshop evaluation forms (facilitated by Mark Smith) - roughly 20 minutes

Closing remarks: IUCN, World Bank, etc. - roughly 25 minutes

Readings

There are no readings for this session.

Additional resources in French

• Bibliographie provisoire de la documentation en français de biodiversityeconomics.org (IUCN, 2006) [Most of the documents listed below are introduced in this document from the IUCN/WWF Biodiversity Economics Library.]

• Droits fonciers et accès à l’eau au Sahel: Défis et perspectives pour l’agriculture et l’élevage (IIED, 2006) [Looks at links between water rights and land tenure and at the context of decentralisation as well.]

• Guide de bonnes pratiques pour la mise en œuvre de la method d’évaluation contingente (France, 2005)
  

• Guide de bonnes pratiques pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode des prix hédoniques (France, 2005)
  

• Guide de bonnes pratiques pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode des coûts de transport (France, 2005)

• Les instruments de la politique environnementale (CERNA, 2004)

• Royaume du Maroc, évaluation du coût de la dégradation de l’environnement (World Bank, 2003)
  

• Comment financer durablement le réseau d’aires protégées terrestres à Madagascar? Apport de l’analyse économique (AFD and World Bank, 2003)

• Eau: encadrer les partenariats public-privé (IDDRI, 2003)

• Subventions dommageable à l’environnement : obstacles au développement durable (OECD, 2002).

• Gestion des ressources et aménagement du fleuve Niger: des connaissances scientifiques pour la décision publique (J Marie et B Teme, 2002) [Useful scientific knowledge in the conception and implementation of a concerted water resources management scheme.]
  

• Liens entre pauvreté, environnement et égalité homme-femme (OECD, 2001)
  

• Les instruments économiques et la protection de l’environnement (Québec, 1998)
  

• Valeur économique de l'eau de l'aquifère du delta de l'Assiniboine au Manitoba (Canada, 1994)